John F. Kennedy International Airport (IATA: JFK , ICAO: KJFK , FAA LID: JFK ) (often referred to as Kennedy Airport , New York-JFK or just JFK ) is the main international airport serving New York City. It is the busiest international air passenger gateway to North America, the 22nd busiest airport in the world, the 6th busiest airport in the United States, and busiest airport in New York airport system. JFK handles more than 59 million passengers by 2017. Over ninety flights operate outside the airport, with non-stop or direct flights to destinations across all six inhabited continents.
JFK is located in the Jamaica neighborhood of the Queens area, in New York, 16 miles (30 km) southeast of Midtown Manhattan. The airport has six passenger terminals and four runways. It serves as a hub for American Airlines and Delta Air Lines. It is also a major operating base for JetBlue Airways. In the past, JFK was the hub for Pan Am, TWA, Eastern, National, and Water Tower.
Opened as New York International Airport in 1948, it was commonly known as Idlewild Airport before being renamed in 1963 to commemorate John F. Kennedy, 35th President of the United States , after his murder.
Video John F. Kennedy International Airport
History
Construction and initial operations
John F. Kennedy International Airport was originally called Idlewild Airport (IATA: IDL , ICAO: KIDL , FAA LID: IDL ) after Idlewild Beach Field transferred golf. Built to relieve the overcrowded LaGuardia Airport, once opened in 1939. Construction began in 1943, and approximately US $ 60 million was initially spent on government funding, but only 1,000 acres (400 ha) from the Idlewild Golf Course site were allocated for use.
The project was renamed the Major General Alexander E. Anderson Airport in 1943 after a Queens resident who had led a unit of the National Guard of Association in the southern United States died at the end of 1942. In March 1948, the New York City Council changed its name became New York International Airport, Anderson Field, but its common name was "Idlewild" until the end of 1963.
The Port Authority leased the Idlewild property from New York City in 1947 and retains this lease today. The first airline flight from Idlewild was on July 1, 1948; the opening ceremony was attended by US President Harry S. Truman. The Port Authority cancels the permission of foreign airlines to use LaGuardia, forcing them to move to Idlewild over the next few years.
Idlewild opens with six runways and the seventh is being built; runways 1L and 7L are held as reserves and never used as runways. The runway 31R (originally 8,000 ft or 2,438 m) is still in use; runway 31L (originally 9,500 ft or 2,896 m) opened immediately after the rest of the airport and still in use; runway 1R closed in 1957 and runway 7R closed around 1966. Platform 4 (originally 8,000 feet, now runway 4L) opened June 1949 and 4R runway was added ten years later. The smaller 14/32 platform was built after the 7R runway was closed and used until 1990 by public aviation, STOL, and smaller commuter flights.
Avro Jetliner was the first jet airliner to land on Idlewild on April 16, 1950. The prototype Sud Sud Sudut Flight was the next jet aircraft that landed on Idlewild, on May 2, 1957. Then in 1957, the Soviet Union requested approval for two Tupolev Tu- 104 flights bring diplomat to Idlewild; The Port Authority does not allow them, saying a noise test should be done first. (Caravelle was tested in Paris.) The airport was renamed John F. Kennedy International Airport on 24 December 1963, a month after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy; Mayor Robert F. Wagner, Jr. proposed renaming to JFK.
Development
The Port of the New York Authority originally planned a 55-gate terminal, but the major airlines disagreed with this plan, arguing that the terminal would be too small for future traffic. Architect Wallace Harrison then drafted a plan for every major airline in the airport to be given his own space to develop his own terminal. This scheme makes the construction more practical, makes terminals easier to navigate, and introduces incentives for airlines to compete with each other for the best design. The revised plan met with airline approval in 1955, with seven terminals originally planned. Five terminals for individual airlines, one for 3 airlines, and one for international arrivals. (National Airlines and British Airways arrived later.) The airport is designed for aircraft up to 300,000 pounds (140,000 kg) of gross weight The airport had to be modified in the late 1960s to accommodate the weight of Boeing 747.
The International Arrivals Building, or IAB, is the first new terminal at the airport, opened in December 1957. It was designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill. The terminal runs nearly 700 meters (2,300 feet) and parallel to the 7R runway. The terminal has a "finger" dock at right angles to the main building allowing more planes to park, an innovation at the time. The building was expanded in 1970 to accommodate jetway. However, in the 1990s, crowded buildings showed age and did not provide adequate space for security checkpoints. It was destroyed in 2000 and replaced with Terminal 4.
United Airlines and Delta Air Lines opened Terminal 7 (later renumbered Terminal 9), a Skidmore design similar to IAB, in October 1959. Dismantled in 2008.
Eastern Airlines opened Terminal 1 Chester L. Churchill, designed in November 1959. The terminal was destroyed in 1995 and replaced by Terminal 1 at this time.
American Airlines opened Terminal 8 in 1960. It was designed by Kahn and Jacobs and has a 317-foot-tiled façade of glass (97 m) designed by Robert Sowers, the largest stained glass installation in the world until 1979. §ade was removed in 2007 because the terminal was destroyed to make room for the new Terminal 8; American cites the expensive cost of removing large installations.
Pan American World Airways opened Worldport (then Terminal 3) in 1960. It featured a large roof, an elliptical hung by 32 sets of radial poles and wires; the roof is extended 114 feet (35 m) beyond the terminal base to cover the passenger loading area. It is one of the world's first aviation terminals featuring Jetways that are connected to terminals and which can be moved to provide an easy passenger path from terminal to plane anchored. Jetways replaced the need to board the aircraft outside by air, which descended from the plane, through the moving ladder of a truck or through a wheeled ladder. The Worldport was destroyed in 2013
Trans World Airlines opened TWA Flight Center in 1962, designed by Eero Saarinen with a distinctive winged bird form. With the death of TWA in 2001, the terminal remained empty until 2005 when JetBlue Airways and the New York and New Jersey Port Authority (PANYNJ) financed the construction of a new 26-gate terminal that partially covered the Saarinen building. Called Terminal 5 (Now T5), the new terminal opened October 22, 2008. T5 is connected to the Saarinen central building via a genuine passenger arrival arrival tube connecting the building to the remote gate. The Port Authority is working on the restoration to the remaining original Saarinen terminal, also known as the head house.
Northwest Airlines, Braniff International, and Northeast Airlines opened a joint terminal in 1962 (now Terminal 2).
National Airlines opened Sundrome (now Terminal 6) in 1970. The terminal was designed by I.M.Pei. It's unique because of the all-glass mullion usage that divides the window part, unprecedented at the time. In 2001, United Airlines plans to rebuild this terminal and TWA Flight Center as the new United terminal. Terminal 6 was used by JetBlue Airways from 2001 to 2008, and then emptied and destroyed when JetBlue Airways moved to Terminal 5.
Operation
In 1951, the airport averaged 73 daily flight operations (takeoff plus landings); October 1951 Flight Guide shows nine domestic departures a day in National and Northwest. A lot of Newark traffic moved to Idlewild (which averaged 242 daily flight operations in 1952) when Newark closed in February 1952. L-1049 Constellation and DC-7 emerged between 1951 and 1953 and did not use LaGuardia for the first few years, bring more traffic to Idlewild. April 1957 Airline Guide cites a total of 1283 departures a week, including about 250 from Eastern Air Lines, 150 from National Airlines, and 130 from Pan American.
Airlines began scheduling jets to Idlewild in 1958-59; LaGuardia did not get a jet until 1964, and Idlewild became the busiest airport in New York. It has more takeoff and airline landing than the combined LaGuardia and Newark from 1962 to 1967 and is the second busiest airport in the country, culminating in 403,981 aviation operations in 1967. LaGuardia received new terminals and longer runways from 1960 to 1966. By the mid-1970s, the two airports had nearly the same flight traffic (by flight count); Newark was in third place until the 1980s, except during the reconstruction of LaGuardia. Concorde, operated by Air France and British Airways, made a scheduled trans-Atlantic supersonic flight to JFK from 22 November 1977 to retirement by British Airways on October 24, 2003. Air France retired the aircraft in May 2003.
The construction of the JFK AirTrain freight system began in 1998, after decades of planning for a direct connection to the airport. Although the system was originally scheduled to open in 2002, the system was opened on December 17, 2003 after delays caused by construction and fatal accidents. The rail network connects every airport terminal to New York City Subway and Long Island Rail Road at Howard Beach and Jamaica.
The new airport terminal opened on 28 May 1998; Terminal 4, the replacement of $ 1.4 billion for the International Arrival Building, opened on May 24, 2001. Terminal 5 JetBlue incorporates TWA Flight Center, and Terminals 8 and 9 are destroyed and rebuilt as Terminal 8 for American Airlines hubs. The Board of Port Authority The Board of Commissioners approved a $ 20 million planning study for the reestablishment of Terminals 2 and 3, the Delta Air Lines hub, in 2008.
On March 19, 2007, JFK was the first airport in the United States to receive Airbus A380 flight passengers. The route, with a capacity of more than 500 passengers, is operated by Lufthansa and Airbus and arrives at Terminal 1. On 1 August 2008, the aircraft received the first commercially scheduled A380 flight scheduled to the United States (at Emirates' New York-Dubai route) in Terminal 4. Although the service was discontinued in 2009 due to poor demand, the aircraft was reintroduced in November 2010. Other airlines operating the A380 to JFK include Singapore Airlines (on the New York-Frankfurt-Singapore route), Air France (on route New York-Paris-Charles de Gaulle), Lufthansa (on New York-Frankfurt route), Korean Air and Asiana Airlines (on New York-Seoul route) and Etihad Airways on the New York-Abu Dhabi route. On December 8, 2015, JFK was the first US airport to receive Airbus A350 commercial flights when Qatar Airways began using aircraft on the New York-Doha route.
On August 14, 2016, at 9:31 pm, shots were reported at Terminal 8; Shortly afterwards, shots were also reported in Terminal 1. Investigations showed that no shootings were occurring, but the scared travelers ran from the terminal to the nearby highway and runway. Temporary terminals are closed, and flights are diverted. The police, investigating, learned that the reported shots were the clapping tourists for Usain Bolt after he won the men's 100 meters run at the 2016 Summer Olympics. Two people were injured in the resulting raid, and the Port Authority Police Department then reviewed his strategy to deal with possible terror attacks.
On January 4, 2017, the New York Governor's Office Andrew Cuomo announced plans to renovate the airport at a cost of $ 7 to 10 billion. The Airport Master Plan Advisory Panel has reported that JFK, 59th of the world's top 100 airports, is expected to experience severe capacity constraints due to increased usage. The airport is expected to serve about 75 million annual passengers by 2020 and 100 million by 2050, up from 60 million when the report was published. The panel has several recommendations, including enlarging new terminals; older terminal relocation; reconfiguring highway ramps and increasing number of lanes on the Van Wyck Expressway; climbing the AirTrain JFK channel or connecting the lanes to New York City's transportation system, and rebuilding Jamaica stations with direct connections to Long Island Rail Road and the New York City Subway. No start date has been proposed for this project; in July 2017, Cuomo's office began accepting proposals for master plans to renovate the airport.
Maps John F. Kennedy International Airport
Terminal
JFK has six terminals, containing 128 gates, numbered 1-8 but passes terminal 3 (destroyed in 2013) and 6 (destroyed in 2011).
The terminal building, with the exception of the Water Tower terminal, is arranged in a U-shaped corrugated pattern that changes shape around a central area containing parking, power generation and other airport facilities. The terminal is connected by AirTrain system and access road. Directional signals across terminals are designed by Paul Mijksenaar. A 2006 survey by J.D. Power and Associates along with Aviation Week found JFK ranked second in overall tourist satisfaction among major airports in the United States, behind McCarran International Airport, which serves the Las Vegas metropolitan area.
Until the early 1990s, every terminal was known to the major airlines serving, except Terminal 4, known as the International Arrival Building. In the early 1990s, all the terminals were numbered except the Tower Air terminal, which was outside the Central Terminal area and not numbered. As in other airports controlled by the Port Authority, terminals are sometimes managed and maintained by independent terminal operators. At JFK, all terminals are currently managed by the airline or consortium of airlines serving them, with the exception of Terminals operated by the Schiphol Group 4. All terminals except Terminal 2 can handle international arrivals that have not been discharged.
Most inter-terminal connections require passengers to get out of security, then walk, use shuttle-bus or use AirTrain JFK to get to another terminal, then keep the security back.
The current terminal
Terminal 1
Terminal 1 opened in 1998, 50 years after the opening of JFK, towards Terminal One Group, a consortium of four major operating operators: Air France, Japan Airlines, Korean Air and Lufthansa. The partnership was established after four airlines reached agreement that the existing international transport facilities were not sufficient for their needs.
Terminal 1 is serviced by SkyTeam Aeroflot, Air France, Alitalia, China Eastern Airlines, Korean Air and Saudia operators; Star Alliance Air China operators, Austrian Airlines, Brussels Airlines, EVA Air, Lufthansa, and Turkish Airlines; and Oneworld Japan Airlines. Other airlines serving the Terminal include Air Italy, Azerbaijan Airlines, Cayman Airways, Fly Jamaica Airways, Norwegian Air, Philippine Airlines, Royal Air Maroc and TAME.
Terminal 1 was designed by William Nicholas Bodouva Associates. Terminal 1, along with Terminal 4, are two terminals at JFK Airport with the ability to handle Airbus A380 aircraft, flown by Air France on route from Paris-Charles De Gaulle, Lufthansa on routes from Frankfurt Airport and Korea Air on routes from Seoul-Incheon. Air France operated the Concorde here until 2003. Terminal 1 has 11 gates.
Terminal 2
Terminal 2 opened in 1962 as the home of Northeast Airlines, Braniff and Northwest Airlines, and is now exclusively used and operated by Delta Air Lines. After the collapse of Northeast Airlines and Braniff, the building was taken over by Pan American World Airways and then by Delta. Since the opening of the addition of Terminal 4 in May 2013, Terminal 2 has been designated as a "C" gate by Delta and has 11 gates equipped with Jetway (C60-C70). Terminal 2 is used to accommodate most Delta operations but after the additional opening of Terminal 4, international flights and flights to LAX, SFO, and SEA are operated from the latter.
Terminal 4
Terminal 4 was developed by LCOR, Inc. and managed by JFK International Air Terminal (IAT) LLC, a subsidiary of the Schiphol Group. The terminal serves as the main international center for Delta Air Lines (and domestic flights to Los Angeles, San Francisco and Seattle-Tacoma) and is the first in the United States run by foreign airport operators. Terminal 4 is the main gateway for international arrivals at JFK.
Airlines that provide services at Terminal 4 include SkyTeam Aeromexico, Air Europa, China Airlines, China Southern Airlines, Delta Air Lines, KLM and Xiamen Airlines; Star Alliance Air India operators, Asiana Airlines, Avianca, Copa Airlines, EgyptAir, Singapore Airlines, South African Airways and Swiss International Air Lines; and non-alliance airlines Air Serbia, Caribbean Airlines, El Al, Emirates, Etihad Airways, JetBlue (international arrivals late only), Miami Air, Kuwait Airways, Pakistan International Airlines, Sun Country Airlines, Thomas Cook Airlines, Uzbekistan Airways, Virgin Atlantic, Volaris, WestJet and XL Airways.
Opened in 2001 and designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, the 1,500,000 square foot terminal (140,000 m 2 ) was built at a cost of $ 1.4 billion and replaced the old JFK International Arrival Building or just IAB , which opened in 1957. The terminal was expanded in the late 2000s and early 2010s. The first phase of the $ 1.4 billion Delta project at the airport - which includes nine new international gateways, additional luggage space, centralized security checkpoints (moving two checkpoints into one location only after check-in), and customs and border security facilities - - completed on May 24, 2013.
Terminal 4 has 38 gates in two concourses: A2-A7, B18, B22-B55 with the exception of B40, B50 and B52. In 2013, the Delta and the Port Authorities of New York and New Jersey approved an additional expansion of $ 175 million in phase II, allowing Delta to build 11 regional jet gates in Terminal 4, as well. The agreement allows Delta to eliminate the proposed physical connections previously planned to be built with existing Terminal 2 and vice versa close the final T2. The work in the Delta hub has been completed in January 2015, with funding primarily of $ 900 million in special project bonds. Delta seeks funding for regional jet expansion from the New York City Industrial Development Agency.
Since Terminal 4 was built during the construction of AirTrain, the AirTrain station was built inside the terminal building. Other Trains Air Station is built opposite the terminal building. Delta Air Lines also transfers most of its operations to T4, because it extends operations beyond T2, with T3 now closed. Concourse A serves as a stop location for Asian airlines and some European airlines, while Concourse B consists of Delta flights, and a number of Asian airlines and some European airlines.
Such as Terminal 1, Airbus A380-compatible and Asiana Airlines (to Seoul), Emirates (to Dubai, both non-stop and one-stop flights via Milan), Etihad Airways (to Abu Dhabi) and Singapore Airlines (to Singapore via Frankfurt) currently using Terminal 4 for their Airbus A380. Other airlines from around the world as well as SkyTeam and Star Alliance make use of the terminal as well.
Terminal 5
Terminal 5 opened in 2008 for JetBlue Airways, the main renter (only later) managers and tenants, as the basis of their large JFK hub. The terminal is also used by Hawaiian Airlines, which partnered with JetBlue and started services to/from Honolulu at Terminal 5 in June 2012, TAP Portugal flights to/from Lisbon, and Irish flag carrier Aer Lingus, whose flight arrived at JFK from Dublin has already cleaned up in Ireland. Aer Lingus previously used Terminal 4 before the introduction of pre-clearance in Ireland, moved to Terminal 5 on April 3, 2013. On November 12, 2014, JetBlue opened the Concourse International Arrivals Concise (T5i) at the terminal. TAP Portugal has been using Terminal 5 since returning the JFK-Lisbon service on July 1, 2016.
The terminal was redesigned by Gensler and built by Turner Construction, and is located behind the preserved Eero Saarinen terminal originally known as TWA Flight Center, which is now connected to a new structure and is considered part of Terminal 5. Currently closed for repairs, buildings Saarinen is planned to reopen in 2018 as a hotel. The active Terminal 5 building has 29 gates: 1 to 12 and 14 to 30, with gates 25 to 30 handling international flights that have not been pre-opened (gate 28-30 opened in November 2014).
The Airspace Lounge opens an airport lounge near Gate 24 in July 2013, and Aer Lingus opens an airport lounge by 2015. In August 2016, Fraport USA was selected by JetBlue as a concession developer to help attract and manage concessionaires that are in line with the vision of JetBlue to Terminal 5. During summer 2016, JetBlue has renovated Terminal 5, completely overhauling the check-in lobby.
Terminal 7
Terminal 7 was designed by GMW Architects and built for BOAC and Air Canada in 1970. Currently operated by British Airways, it is also the only airport terminal operated by foreign airlines on the US mainland, although Terminal 1 is operated by a consortium of foreign operators serving the building.
Airlines operating outside Terminal 7 include carrier alliances Oneworld British Airways, Iberia and Qatar Airways (preferred flights), Star Alliance All Nippon Airways and LOT Polish Airlines, SkyTeam AerolÃÆ'neas Argentinas, and Alaska Airlines non-alliance airlines, Eurowings, Interjet, Icelandair, and Ukraine International Airlines.
Between 1989 and 1991, the terminal was renovated and expanded at a cost of $ 120 million. This expansion was designed by William Nicholas Bodouva Associates, Architects. In 1997, the Port Authority approved the British Airways plan to renovate and expand the terminal. The $ 251 million project was designed by Corgan Associates and completed in 2003. The renovated terminal has 12 gates. In 2008, British Airways launched a $ 30 million, eighteen-month project to upgrade premium ground facilities at the terminal.
British Airways is currently evaluating the future of Terminal 7, as its lease with the Port Authority expires in 2015. After an alliance between British Airways/Iberia and American Airlines was completed in 2010, the United States initiated talks to move British Airways and Iberia into the expansion of Terminal 8 British Airways temporarily moved one of its flights to Terminal 8 in March 2013 as renovation work is underway at Terminal 7.
United Airlines is the primary operator of Terminal 7 until operations of JFK are suspended on October 24, 2015.
Although operated by British Airways, the main A380 operator, Terminal 7 is currently unable to handle the aircraft type. As a result, British Airways was unable to operate the A380 on a profitable London-Heathrow flight to New York.
Terminal 8
In 1999, American Airlines embarked on an eight-year program to build the largest passenger terminal in JFK, designed by DMJM Aviation to replace both Terminal 8 and Terminal 9. The new terminal is built in four phases, involving the construction of a concourse new midfield and the destruction of the old and 9th Terminal 8. It opened gradually between 2005 and the official "opening" in August 2007. This is the main Oneworld hub and American Airlines is the main Oneworld operator in Terminal 8. American Airlines is the operator and manager the largest terminal and the third largest operator in JFK. Some Oneworld airlines operating outside Terminal 8 include, Cathay Pacific, Finnair, Brazil LATAM, LATAM Chile, Qantas, Qatar Airways, and Royal Jordanian Airlines.
The terminal is twice the size of Madison Square Garden. It offers dozens of retail and food outlets, 84 ticket counters, 44 self-service kiosks, 10 security checkpoints, and US Customs and Border Protection facilities that can process over 1,600 people per hour. Terminal 8 has an annual capacity of 12.8 million passengers. It has two American Airlines Admirals Clubs and Flagship Lounge for premium class passengers.
Terminal 8 has 29 gates: 12 gates in Concourse B (1-8, 10, 12, 14 and 16) and 17 gates in Concourse C (31-47). Gate 31 is further divided into 5 regional service gates for small jets, 31A-31E. Gate 32 is divided into 4 regional service gates for small jets, 32F-32I. The total number of jetbridges is, therefore, 36. Passenger access to Concourse C is through an underground tunnel that includes moving lanes.
Former terminal
JFK Airport was originally built with ten terminals, compared to six existing terminals. Ten terminals remained until the late 1990s, then nine remained until the early 2000s, followed by eight to 2011 and seven through May 2013.
Eastern Air Terminal Terminal
This terminal, on the site of Terminal 1 today, opened in 1959 and was destroyed in 1995 after the collapse of Eastern Air Lines in 1991.
Terminal 3 (Worldport)
Terminal 3 was built as Worldport in 1960 for Pan American; it expanded after the introduction of 747 in 1970. After the death of Pan Am in 1991 Delta Air Lines took over the ownership of the terminal and was the only occupant until closure in 2013. It has connectors to Terminal 2, the other Delta terminals. Terminal 3 has 16 gates equipped with Jetway: 1-10, 12, 14-18 with two hardstand gates (Gate 11) and a helipad on Taxiway 'KK'.
A $ 1.2 billion project was completed in 2013, in which Terminal 4 was expanded and with Delta then moved the T3 operation to T4.
On May 23, 2013, the final departure of the terminal, Delta Air Lines Flight 268, a Boeing 747-400 to Tel Aviv Ben Gurion Airport, departs from Gate 6 at 11:25 local time. Terminal stops operating on May 24, 2013, 53 years since it opened on May 24, 1960. Demolition begins shortly thereafter and is completed in summer 2014. The site on which Terminal 3 is used to stand is now used for aircraft parking by Delta Air Lines.
There has been great media criticism, especially in other countries, for Worldport dismantling. Some online petitions calling for genuine 'flying saucer' restoration are gaining popularity.
Terminal 6 (Sundrome)
Terminal 6 has 14 gates. Designed by I. M. Pei, built in 1970 as National Airlines Sundrome. Then, Trans World Airlines uses it. In 2001, JetBlue Airways began service from Terminal 6, then opened a temporary complex in 2006 that increased its capacity by adding seven gates. After JetBlue emptied the terminal, the plane was destroyed. The international arrival attachment of Terminal 5 now uses a portion of the site, and the rest of this site is used for aircraft parking by JetBlue and British Airways (which operate from nearby Terminal 7).
Old Terminals 8 and 9
The original Terminal 8 opened in 1960; the stained glass façade is the biggest one there at the time. It was always used by American Airlines and a few years later used by other Oneworld airlines that did not use Terminal 7.
Terminal 9 opened in 1959 and is used by United Airlines and Delta Air Lines. Delta moved to Terminal 2 when they purchased Northeast Airlines. Braniff International moved from Terminal 2 to Terminal 9 in 1973, and operated in Terminal 9 until its bankruptcy in 1982. United used Terminal 9 since it opened in 1959 to vacate the terminal in 1991 and became a tenant at Terminal 7 British Airways. Terminal 9 then became the domestic operating house of American Airlines and American Eagle for the rest of its life. Terminals were destroyed in the early to mid 2000s and replaced with new Terminal 8.
Terminal Tower Air
Terminal Tower Air, unlike other terminals at JFK airport, sits outside the Central Terminal area at Building 213 in Cargo A Area. Originally used by Pan Am to Worldport extension (then Terminal 3), it was then used by Tower Air and re- TWA's shuttle until the airline was acquired by American Airlines in 2001. The 213 building has not been in use since 2000. Its location is next to the employee parking lot of Delta Air Lines number 7, which used to be the Tower Air terminal parking lot.
Infrastructure
Runways
John F. Kennedy International Airport stretches 5,200 acres or 21 square kilometers (8.1 m²). There are four runways (two pairs of parallel runways) around the central terminal area of ​​the airport.
Operational facilities
JFK has more than 25 miles (40 km) taxiway to move the aircraft in and around the airfield. The standard width of this taxiway is 75 feet (23 m), with 25 feet (7.6 m) heavy shoulder and 25-foot (7.6 m) erosion control slats on each side. The taxi has a central light and generally from asphalt concrete composition 15 to 18 inches (380 to 460 mm) thick. The illuminated alert system provides directional information for boarding a plane.
Air Traffic Control Tower, designed by Pei Cobb Freed & amp; Partner and built on the ramp-terminal side 4, started full FAA operations in October 1994. An Airport Surface Detection radar unit (ASDE) sits on top of the tower. Gas-fired generator power plants generate electricity for the airport, with an output of about 90 megawatts. Using thermal energy from heat waste capture to heat and cool all passenger terminals and other facilities in the central terminal area. Upon completion, the JFK tower, at 320 feet (98 m), is the world's tallest control tower. It was then moved from that position by towers at other airports in both the United States and abroad, including at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, currently the tallest tower at US airports, at 398 feet (121 m) and at KLIA2 in Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia, is currently the world's tallest control tower at 438 feet (134 m).
Aircraft service facilities include seven aircraft hangars, a machine repair building, a $ 32 million (120,000 m 3 ) fuel storage facility and a trucking garage.
In recent years, improvements have been made to the terminals, highways and transport between terminals.
Other facilities
North American Airlines has its headquarters in Building 141 along Federal Circle, at the airport property. North American Airlines is one of the tenants of the building; this building has Servisair and VOA as a tenant and storage Authority Port. Building 141 was originally the administrative building of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ). In the 1990s it served as PANYNJ police headquarters. In 2000, a $ 800,000, 5,000 square foot (460 m) building will be built to serve Flight Middle School students in Long Island City. In 2003, Building 141 was dedicated to honor Morris Sloane, a PANYNJ flight employee.
Hangar 17, originally occupied by Pan American and then Tower Air, invented new and important housing artifacts from 9/11 which eventually led to the 9/11 Museum in Ground Zero.
Servisair has an office in Building 86.
CAL Cargo Airlines has offices in Building 23.
Nippon Cargo Airlines currently has a New York City branch in Cargo Building 66.
Previous Overseas National Airways (ONA) is headquartered at the airport. When the Water Tower is present, its headquarters are in Building 178 and then at Hangar 17 at JFK Airport. When Metro International Airways exists, its headquarters is in Building 178.
The Port Authority of New York and the New Jersey Police Department (PAPD) provide law enforcement, fire rescue services and emergency medical services to the airport. Her JFK Command is based in Building 269.
PANYNJ's operations and administrative offices are located in Building 14.
Three chapels, including Our Lady of the Skies Chapel, provide religious needs for airplane passengers.
Sheltair is the FBO currently on the field serving General Aviation traffic. The company became the first private FBO at JFK Airport in 65 years history when it opened on 21 May 2012.
In January 2017, the Ark at JFK Airport, a pet-friendly terminal, opened at a cost of $ 65 million. Ark was built as if so that people carrying pets and other animals would be able to provide luxurious accommodations for these animals. At that time, it should be the only facility in the US. However, in January 2018, the owner of Ark sued the Port Authority for violating a clause that would give Ark the exclusive right to inspect all animals arriving at JFK from elsewhere. countries. In the lawsuit, the owner stated that Ark had suffered huge operational losses because many animals were transferred to the US Department of Agriculture facility in Newburgh, New York.
Information service
Around the airport, parking and other information can be obtained by tuning to a highway advisory radio station at 1630 AM. The second station at 1700 AM provides information on traffic problems for drivers leaving the airport.
Kennedy Airport, along with other Port Authority airports (LaGuardia and Newark), uses uniform style throughout the airport properties. A yellow sign directs passengers to airline gates, tickets, and other airline services; signs of green passengers directly to land transportation services and black markings leading to toilets, telephones and other passenger facilities. In addition, the Port Authority operates "Welcome Centers" and taxi delivery booths at each flight terminal, where staff provide customers information about taxis, limousines, ground transportation and other hotels.
New York City traffic reporter Bernie Wagenblast voted for airport radio stations and messages heard on the JFK AirTrain board and at his station.
Airport Hotel
There are several hotels adjacent to JFK Airport, including Courtyard by Marriott and Crowne Plaza. The former Ramada Plaza JFK Hotel is Building 144, and it is the only hotel in the hotel at JFK Airport. It was previously part of Forte Hotels and formerly Travelodge New York JFK. Due to its role in the housing of friends and relatives of plane crashes in the 1990s and 2000s, the hotel was known as the "Heartbreak Hotel". In 2009 PANYNJ stated in its 2010 budget that it closed the hotel due to "declining flight activity and the need for major renovations" and that it is expected to save $ 1 million per month. The hotel closed on 1 December 2009. Nearly 200 employees lost their jobs. In 2009, the Port Authority hoped to build a new hotel on the airport property.
On July 27, 2015, Governor Andrew Cuomo announced in a press conference that the TWA Flight Center building will be used by TWA Hotel, a 505-room hotel with 40,000 square feet of conferences, events, or meeting rooms. The new hotel is estimated to cost $ 265 million and opened in 2019. The public will be able to visit the 10,000 square foot observation deck. Groundbreaking for the hotel occurred on December 15, 2016.
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
- Notes
^ a Flights from London-City to New York-JFK have a stopover in Shannon for refueling due to heavy restrictions in LCY. However, British Airways did not bring local traffic between Shannon and New York. The flight from New York to London is non-stop.
^ b Flights from Kuwait to New York-JFK make a technical stop at Shannon. However, Kuwait Airways did not bring local traffic between Shannon and New York. Flights from New York to Kuwait do not stop.
Cargo
When ranked by the value of shipping passing through it, JFK is the number three gateway in the United States (after Los Angeles Harbor and New York and New Jersey Ports), and the number one international air gateway in the United States. Nearly 21% of all US international air freight is based on value and 9.6% by tonnage moved through JFK in 2008.
The JFK air cargo complex is the Foreign Trade Zone, which is legally located outside the US customs territory. JFK is the main hub for air cargo between the United States and Europe. London, Brussels and Frankfurt are the three main trading routes of JFK. European airports are largely links in the global supply chain. The main destination markets for cargo flying out of JFK in 2003 were Tokyo, Seoul and London. Similarly, the main home markets for import in JFK are Seoul, Hong Kong, Taipei and London.
Nearly 100 cargo airlines operate from JFK, including: Air China Cargo, ABX Air, Asiana, Air Atlas, CAL Cargo Air Lines, Cargolux, Cathay Pacific Cargo, China Airlines, EVA Air, Emirates SkyCargo, Nippon Cargo Airlines, FedEx Express, DHL Air UK, Kalitta Air, Korean Air, Lufthansa Cargo, UPS Airlines, Southern Air and World Airways. Top 5 operators jointly transported 33.1% of all "revenue" shipments in 2005: American Airlines (10.9% of total), FedEx Express (8.8%), Lufthansa Cargo (5.2%), Korean Air Cargo (4.9%), China Airlines (3.8%).
Most of the cargo and maintenance facilities at JFK are located in the north and west of the main terminal area. DHL, FedEx Express, Japan Airlines, Lufthansa, Nippon Cargo Airlines and United Airlines have cargo facilities at JFK. In 2000, Korean Air Cargo opened a new $ 102 million cargo terminal at JFK with a total floor area of ​​81,124 square feet (7.536.7 m 2 ) and the ability to handle 200,000 tons per year. In 2007, American Airlines opened a new priority parcel service facility in their Terminal 8, featuring a 30-minute drop-off and pick-up for delivery of priority packages in the US.
Statistics
By 2015, JFK handles 56,827,154 passenger incomes, representing a 2.3% increase over 2014. 2013 marks the first time JFK handles more than 50 million passengers in a year.
The airport accounts for about $ 30.1 billion in economic activity to the New York City region, generating 229,000 jobs and about $ 9.8 billion in wages and salaries. About 35,000 people were hired at the airport.
Nearly 100 airlines from more than 50 countries operate regular scheduled flights from JFK. The JFK route to London-Heathrow is a leading international airport partner with more than 2.6 million passengers in 2011. Domestic travel is also a large part of airport traffic, in particular transcontinental and Florida services.
Top destinations
Ground Transport
Rel
JFK Airport is connected to New York City Subway and Long Island Rail Road by AirTrain JFK. It stops at all terminals, parking lots, hotel shuttle areas, car rentals, Jamaican LIRR stations, Howard Beach-JFK Airport (IND Rockaway Line) on the Rockaway IND Track (Train A ) and Sutphin Boulevard-Archer Avenue-JFK Airport (Archer Avenue Lines) on Archer Avenue Line ( E , J , and Z train). The Lower Manhattan-Jamaica/JFK Transport Project has been proposed to connect AirTrain to Lower Manhattan.
Shuttle bus
NYC Airporter is the only authorized operator and allowed from the express airport bus service to the New York City and New Jersey Airport Transport Department and Authority Authorities (airport operators).
Bus
Several city bus lines connect JFK to New York City Subway and Long Island Rail Road, including Q3, Q6, Q7, Q10, B15, with free transfers provided for subway connections. Buses B15, Q3, and Q10 all serve the Central Terminal Area through a special bus stop at the previous Terminal 6 (connection to another terminal via AirTrain JFK, with direct line provided to Terminal 5), while Q6 serves only the Eastern Cargo Area and facilities USPS Airport Mail and Q7 only serve Cargo Area C. There are also many private bus lines that operate express buses to Manhattan, Hudson Valley and Long Island.
The Port Authority provides a free shuttle bus service between the Federal Circle AirTrain station and the airport cargo area, as well as in long-term employee parking and the Port Authority being operated. These buses are operated by Servisair under contract.
Two Taiwanese airlines provide private bus services to their customers to New Jersey and the Philadelphia area:
- China Airlines: Fort Lee, Parsippany, Jersey City, Cherry Hill, Downtown Philadelphia, and South Philadelphia
- EVA Air: Jersey City, Piscataway, Fort Lee, East Hanover, Cherry Hill, South Philadelphia, and Cheltenham
Taxi
Yellow Taxi New York City, licensed by New York City Taxi & amp; Limousine Commission, offers a flat-rate service $ 52 from JFK Airport to Manhattan, excluding tips and tolls. Since November 30, 2006, this flat-rate rate (excluding tip and toll) applies to travel from Manhattan to JFK as well. Depending on the time of day, a taxi ride from JFK to Midtown Manhattan can be done as fast as 35 minutes or for 90 minutes. The door-to-door car service is another popular transportation option.
Car
JFK Airport is located in south Queens on the Van Wyck Expressway (I-678), which is accessible from Belt Parkway, Grand Central Parkway, and Queens Boulevard. The ring road connects the airport terminal to Belt Parkway and Van Wyck Expressway. The airport offers customers over 17,000 parking spaces, including multi-level parking garages, surface space at the Central Terminal Area, long-term parking and valet parking. Tesla, Inc. has a supercharger (fast charging station) at the airport. There is also a private parking operator off site near the airport.
The Van Wyck Expressway rotates through the nucleus terminal and transforms into the JFK Expressway. This four-lane highway allows easier access to the airport for Long Island users via Belt Parkway to the west. Since it is located almost entirely within Kennedy Airport, the JFK Expressway is built and administered by the Port Authority. The toll road was built as part of a continuous improvement, the multi-billion dollar Kennedy Airport that began in the late 1980s. It was designed to alleviate up to 30 percent of traffic volume from the Van Wyck Expressway. About six major car rental companies serve JFK Airport, with rental locations located inside and outside the airport.
Helicopter
The US helicopter operates regularly scheduled flights every hour between Terminal 3 and East 34th Street Heliport. Passengers traveling by helicopter to the airport pass the security checkpoint at the heliport instead of JFK. On 14 May 2007, the US helicopter moved its operations from Terminal 9 to Terminal 3. The US helicopter suspended operations on September 25, 2009 due to financial difficulties.
New York Airways provided helicopter service from JFK to airports and other airport heliports from 1955 to 1979 and Pan American World Airways resumed Manhattan helicopter service during the 1980s to feed its JFK flight. During the 1970s, New York Helicopters offered JFK flights from the top of the Pan Am Building in downtown Manhattan, but the service was canceled after a major accident in 1977.
Accidents and incidents
- Related news Four people arrested in plan to bomb infrastructure at JFK International Airport, New York City on Wikinews
- News relating to JFK airport terminal was evacuated due to suspicious packages on Wikinews
In popular culture
John F. Kennedy International Airport New York City appeared in the 2007 Animation Dreamworks movie Bee Movie and also appeared in the Disney Planes 2013 movie.
Notes and references
Further reading
- Bloom, Nicholas Dagen. Metropolitan Airport: JFK International and Modern New York (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015). x, 233 pp.
External links
- John F. Kennedy International Airport (official site)
- Terminal4 International Airport JFK (official site)
- "New York City DOT State Diagram" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on 10/4/12.
- FAA Airport Chart Ã, (PDF) , effective May 24, 2018
- FAA Terminal Procedure for JFK, valid May 24, 2018
- Port Authority Map 1959 Idlewild
- Resources for this airport:
- AirNav airport information for KJFK
- ASN accident history for JFK
- FlightAware airport information and direct flight trackers
- NOAA/NWS latest weather observations
- SkyVector aeronautical graph for KJFK
- Current JFK FAA delay information
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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