Elon Reeve Musk (born June 28, 1971) is an American businessman, investor, and business engineer of South African descent. He is the founder, CEO and chief designer of SpaceX; co-founder, CEO, and product architect of Tesla, Inc.; and co-founder and CEO of Neuralink. In December 2016, he was ranked 21st on Forbes World's Most Powerful People list. In February 2018, he had a net worth of $ 20.8 billion and was listed by Forbes as the 53rd richest person in the world.
Born in Pretoria, South Africa, Musk taught himself computer programming at the age of 12. He moved to Canada when he was 17 years old to study at Queen's University. He was transferred to the University of Pennsylvania two years later, where he received an economics degree from the Wharton School and a degree in physics from the College of Arts and Sciences. He started Ph.D. in applied physics and materials science at Stanford University in 1995 but dropped out after two days to pursue an entrepreneurial career. He then founded Zip2, a web software company, which was acquired by Compaq for $ 340 million in 1999. Musk then founded X.com, an online payment company. It joined Confinity in 2000 and became PayPal, which eBay bought for $ 1.5 billion in October 2002.
In May 2002, Musk founded SpaceX, a maker of aircraft and space transportation services, where he was CEO and principal designer. He founded Tesla, Inc., an electric vehicle and solar panel manufacturer, in 2003, and operates as CEO and product architect. In 2006, he inspired the creation of SolarCity, a solar energy services company that is now a subsidiary of Tesla, and operates as its chairman. In 2015, Musk founded OpenAI, a non-profit research firm that aims to promote friendly, artificial intelligence. In July 2016, he founded Neuralink, a neurotechnology company focused on developing the brain-computer interface, and was its CEO. In December 2016, Musk founded The Boring Company, a tunnel infrastructure and development company.
In addition to its main business objectives, Musk has been dreaming of a high-speed transport system known as Hyperloop, and has proposed a vertical take-off aircraft and a supersonic electric jet landing with an electric fan, known as the Musk electric jet. Musk has stated that the goals of SpaceX, Tesla, and SolarCity revolve around his vision of changing the world and humanity. Its goals include reducing global warming through sustainable production and energy consumption and reducing the "risk of human extinction" by establishing human colonies on Mars.
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Musk was born on June 28, 1971, in Pretoria, Transvaal, South Africa, the son of Maye Musk (Haldeman), a model and dietitian from Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, and Errol Musk. , an engineer, pilot, and South African electromechanical sailor. He has a younger brother, Kimbal (born 1972), and a younger sister, Tosca (born 1974). His paternal grandmother was English, and he also had Dutch ancestry in Pennsylvania. Her maternal grandfather was an American, from Minnesota. After his parents divorced in 1980, Musk mostly lived with his father in the suburbs of Pretoria, where Musk chose two years after his parents separated, but now says "it's not a good idea". As an adult, Musk broke with his father. He has a half-brother, and a half-brother.
During Musk's childhood, he was an avid reader. At the age of 10, he developed an interest in computing with Commodore VIC-20. He taught himself computer programming at the age of 12, selling the BASIC-based video game code he created called Blastar, to a magazine called PC and Office Technology for about $ 500. The web version of this game is available online. His childhood reading included the Isaac Asimov Foundation series from which he drew the lesson that "you should try to take a series of actions that are likely to extend civilization, minimize the possibility of dark age and reduce the length of the dark ages if any."
Musk was very disturbed throughout his childhood and had been hospitalized when a group of boys threw him down the stairs and then beat him until he lost consciousness.
Musk attended Waterkloof House Preparatory School, and Bryanston High School before graduating from Pretoria Boys High School. He moved to Canada in June 1989, just before his 18th birthday , after obtaining Canadian citizenship through his Canadian-born mother.
Education
At the age of 17, Musk was accepted at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, for undergraduate studies. In 1992, after spending two years at Queen's University, Musk transferred to the University of Pennsylvania, where in May 1997 he received a Bachelor of Science degree in physics from the College of Arts and Sciences, and a Bachelor of Science degree in economics from Wharton School of Business. Musk extended his studies for one year to complete a second bachelor's degree. While at the University of Pennsylvania, Musk and fellow Penn Adeo Ressi students rented a 10-bedroom fraternity house, using it as an unofficial nightclub.
In 1995, at the age of 24, Musk moved to California to start a Ph.D. in applied physics and materials science at Stanford University but abandoned the program after two days to pursue entrepreneurial aspirations in the field of internet, renewable energy, and outer space. In 2002, he became a US citizen.
Maps Elon Musk
Careers
Zip2
In 1995, Musk and his brother, Kimbal, started Zip2, a web software company, with money raised from a small group of angel investors. The company develops and markets the Internet "city guide" for the newspaper publishing industry. Musk secured a contract with The New York Times and the Chicago Tribune and persuaded the board of directors to cancel plans for a merger with CitySearch. While at Zip2, Musk wants to become CEO; However, no board member permits it. Compaq acquired Zip2 for $ 307 span in cash and US $ 34 million in stock options in February 1999. Musk received US $ 22 million for 7% of his shares from sales. X.com and PayPal
In March 1999, Musk founded X.com, an online financial services and e-mail payment company, with US $ 10 Ã, million of sales Zip2. One year later, the company merged with Confinity, which has a money transfer service called PayPal. Companies that merge focus on PayPal services and renamed PayPal in 2001. PayPal's initial growth is mainly driven by viral marketing campaigns where new customers are recruited when they receive money through the service. Musk was ousted in October 2000 from his role as CEO (although he remained on board) due to disagreements with other corporate leaders, particularly on his desire to move the Unix-based PayPal infrastructure to Microsoft Windows. In October 2002, PayPal was acquired by eBay for US $ 1.5 billion in stock, where Musk received US $ 165 Ã, million . Prior to its sale, Musk, which is the company's largest shareholder, owns 11.7% of PayPal's shares.
In July 2017, Musk purchased x.com domains from PayPal for an undisclosed amount stating that it has "great sentimental value" to it.
SpaceX
In 2001, Musk conceptualized "Mars Oasis," a project to land an experimental experimental greenhouse on Mars, containing growing food crops in regolith Mars, in an effort to regain public interest in space exploration. In October 2001, Musk traveled to Moscow with Jim Cantrell (an aerospace supply fixer), and Adeo Ressi (his college friend), to purchase a revamped Dnepr Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBMs) that could send imaginable cargo to space. The group meets with companies such as NPO Lavochkin and Kosmotras; However, according to Cantrell, Musk was seen as a beginner and consequently spat on by one of the chiefs of Russian designers, and the group returned to the United States empty-handed. In February 2002, the group returned to Russia to search for three ICBMs, carrying Mike Griffin. Griffin has worked for CIA's venture capital arm, In-Q-Tel, as well as NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and has just left Orbital Sciences, the maker of satellites and spacecraft. The group met again with Kosmotras, and offered a rocket for US $ 8 million ; However, this is seen by Musk as too expensive; Musk consequently stormed out of the meeting. On the return flight from Moscow, Musk realizes that he can start a company that can build the affordable rocket he needs. According to Tesla and SpaceX initial investors Steve Jurvetson, Musk calculated that the raw material to build a rocket is actually only 3 percent of the price of rocket sales at the time. It was concluded that theoretically, by applying vertical integration and a modular approach of software engineering, SpaceX could cut the launch price by a factor of ten and still enjoy a 70 percent gross margin. In the end, Musk eventually established SpaceX with a long-term goal of creating "true civilization of empty space."
With US $ 100 Ã, million of his initial wealth, Musk founded Space Exploration Technologies, or SpaceX, in May 2002. Musk is chief executive officer (CEO) and chief technology officer (CTO) of Hawthorne, a company based in California. SpaceX develops and manufactures space launch vehicles with a focus on rocket technology advances. The company's first two launch vehicles are the Falcon 1 and Falcon 9 rockets (nod to Star Wars 'Millennium Falcon'), and the first spacecraft is the Dragon (nod for Puff the Magic Dragon). In seven years, SpaceX designed the family of Falcon launch vehicles and the multipurpose spacecraft Dragon. In September 2008, SpaceX's Falcon 1 rocket became the first privately-funded liquid-fueled vehicle to place satellites into Earth orbit. On May 25, 2012, the SpaceX Dragon vehicle docks with the ISS, making history the first commercial company to launch and put the vehicle into the International Space Station.
In 2006, SpaceX was awarded a contract from NASA to continue development and testing of launch vehicles SpaceX Falcon 9 and Dragon spacecraft to transport cargo to the International Space Station, followed by US $ 1.6 billion NASA's Commercial Procurement Service on December 23, 2008, for 12 Falcon 9 rocket and NASA spacecraft flights to the Space Station, replacing the US Space Shuttle after retiring in 2011. The astronauts transport to the ISS is currently handled solely by Soyuz, but SpaceX is one of two companies awarded a contract by NASA as part of the Commercial Crew Development program, which is intended to develop US astronaut transportation capabilities by 2018. On December 22, 2015, SpaceX successfully landed the first phase of the Falcon Rocket back to the launch pad. This is the first time in history such achievements have been achieved by orbital rockets and are a significant step towards the use of rockets that lower the cost of access to space. This first phase of recovery is replicated several times in 2016 by landing on autonomous spacecraft, a marine recovery platform, and by the end of 2017, SpaceX has landed and restored the first phase on 16 consecutive missions where landing and recovery were attempted, including to-14 trials in 2017. 20 of 42 first Falcon 9 stage riders have been restored as a whole since the inaugural flight of Falcon 9 in 2010. In the latest full year - 2017 - SpaceX launched 18 successful Falcon 9 flights, more than doubling the year previous highs of 8.
On February 6, 2018, SpaceX successfully launched the Falcon Heavy, the fourth highest capacity rocket ever built (after Saturn V, Energia and N1) and the most powerful rocket that operates in 2018. The inaugural mission brings the Musk's Tesla Roadster as a counter payload.
SpaceX is the largest private manufacturer of rocket engines in the world, and the record holder of the highest thrust-to-weight ratio for rocket engines (Merlin 1D). SpaceX has generated over 100 Merlin 1D operational engines. Each 1D Merlin engine can lift the weight of 40 average family cars vertically. In combination, engine 9 Merlin in Falcon 9 first stage produces anywhere from 5.8 to 6.7Ã, MN (1.3 to 1.5 million pounds) thrust, depending on the height.
Musk is influenced by Isaac Asimov's Foundation series and sees space exploration as an important step in preserving and expanding awareness of human life. Musk says that multiplanet life can serve as a hedge against threats to the survival of the human species.
An asteroid or a super volcano could destroy us, and we face the risks dinosaurs never saw: engineering viruses, the unintentional creation of unintentional micro holes, the devastating global warming of the earth, or some unknown technology could be the end of us. Humans have evolved over millions of years, but in the last sixty years atomic weapons have created the potential to extinguish ourselves. Sooner or later, we have to extend life beyond this green and blue ball - or extinct.
Musk's goal is to reduce the cost of human spaceflight by a factor of 10. In a 2011 interview, he said he hopes to send humans to the surface of Mars in 10-20 years. In the biography of Ashlee Vance, Musk stated that he wanted to establish a Martian colony in 2040, with a population of 80,000. Musk states that, because the atmosphere of Mars lacks oxygen, all transport must be electric (electric cars, electric trains, Hyperloop, electric planes). Musk stated in June 2016 that the first unmanned flight of the larger Mars Colonial Transporter (MCT) spacecraft aims for a departure to the red planet in 2022, to be followed by the first Mars MCT flight departing in 2024. In the month September 2016, Musk reveals architectural details to explore and colonize Mars. In 2016, Musk's personal trust holds 54% of SpaceX shares, equivalent to 78% of voting shares.
By the end of 2017, SpaceX is launching a design for the launch of next-generation spacecraft vehicles and systems - BFR - which will support all the SpaceX launch service providers with a huge set of vehicles: Earth Orbit, Lunar-orbit, missionary interplanetary, and even intercontinental passenger transport on Earth, and completely replace Falcon 9, Falcon Heavy and Dragon vehicles in the 2020s. The BFR will have a core diameter of 9 meters (30 feet). Significant developments in vehicles begin in 2017, while new rocket engine development begins in 2012.
Tesla
Tesla, Inc. (originally Tesla Motors) was founded in July 2003 by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning, which financed the company up to a round of Series A funding.
Both men played an active role in the early development of the company prior to Elon Musk's involvement. Musk led the Series A investment round in February 2004, joining Tesla's board of directors as its chairman. Musk takes an active role in the company and oversees the Roadster product design at a granular level, but is less involved in day-to-day business operations.
After the financial crisis of 2008, Musk took over the leadership of the company as CEO and product architect, a position he still holds today. Tesla Motors first built an electric sports car, Tesla Roadster in 2008, with sales of about 2,500 vehicles to 31 countries. Tesla began delivering a four-door Model sedan on June 22, 2012. It launches its third product, Model X, aimed at the SUV/minivan market, on February 9, 2012; however, the launch of the Model X was delayed until September 2015. In addition to its own car, Tesla sells electric powertrain systems to Daimler for Smart EV, Mercedes B-Class Electric Drive, and Mercedes A Class, as well as Toyota for the RAV4 EV. Musk was able to bring both companies as long-term investors in Tesla.
Musk has preferred to build a concise Tesla model sub- US $ 30,000 as well as build and sell electric vehicle powertrain components so that other manufacturers can produce electric vehicles at affordable prices without having to develop in-house products; this led to the planned Model 3 having a base price of US $ 35,000 . Some mainstream publications have compared it to Henry Ford for his work on advanced powertrains vehicles.
In a May 2013 interview with All Things Digital, Musk said that in order to overcome the limitations of the electric car's range, Tesla "dramatically accelerates" the supercharger station network, triple the number on the June East and West coast of June, with plans for more expansion across America North, including Canada, throughout the year. On January 29, 2016, Musk has about 28.9 million shares of Tesla, which is equivalent to about 22% of the company.
In 2014, Musk's annual salary is a dollar, equal to the salary of Steve Jobs and other CEOs; the remaining compensation is in the form of stocks and performance-based bonuses.
In 2014, Musk announced that Tesla will allow technology patents to be used by anyone in good faith in an attempt to attract car manufacturers to accelerate the development of electric cars. "The unfortunate fact is the electric car program (or program for any vehicle that does not burn hydrocarbons) in small, non-existent large factories is an average of less than 1% of their total vehicle sales," Musk said..
In February 2016, Musk announced that it had obtained the Tesla.com domain name from Stu Grossman, who had owned it since 1992, and changed Tesla's homepage to that domain.
In January 2018, Musk was awarded $ 2.6 billion by the company, giving him 20.3 million shares and could raise Tesla's market value to $ 650 billion. Approval of majority shareholders is pending. The grant was also intended to end speculation about the potential for Musk's departure from Tesla to devote more time to his other business ventures. Report by advisor firm Glass Lewis & amp; Co for clients against awarding. Regardless of what the New York Post describes as an "astronomical deal" in payments, Musk received $ 750 million in public funds from New York Governor Andrew Cuomo as part of the Buffalo Billion project, plans to invest money into helping Buffalo economy, New York area. The money is used to build factories and infrastructure for SolarCity solar panel makers, acquired by Tesla. In March 2018, the plant employed "only a few hundred workers and its future remains uncertain." (Buffalo County actually lost nearly 5,000 jobs between December 2016 and December 2017).
SolarCity
Musk provides the initial concept and financial capital for SolarCity, which was later established in 2006 by his cousin Lyndon and Peter Rive. In 2013, SolarCity is the second largest provider of solar power systems in the United States. SolarCity was acquired by Tesla, Inc. in 2016 and is currently a wholly owned subsidiary of Tesla.
The underlying motivation for funding both SolarCity and Tesla is to help combat global warming. In 2012, Musk announced that SolarCity and Tesla collaborate to use electric vehicle batteries to smooth the impact of solar roofs on the power grid, with a program to be aired in 2013.
On June 17, 2014, Musk is committed to building an advanced SolarCity production facility in Buffalo, New York, which will double the size of the largest solar power plant in the United States. Musk stated that the plant would be "one of the largest solar panel production plants in the world," and will be followed by one or more of the larger facilities in the following years.
Hyperloop
On August 12, 2013, Musk unveiled the concept for a high-speed transport system that incorporates a low pressure tube where the capsule is pressurized upward on an air-driven cushion by a linear induction motor and an air compressor. The mechanism for releasing concepts is an alpha-design document that, in addition to sorting technology, outlines the notional route in which such a transportation system might be built: between the Greater Los Angeles Area and San Francisco Bay Area.
Having previously imagined Hyperloop, Musk commissioned a dozen engineers from Tesla and SpaceX who worked for nine months, building a conceptual foundation and creating a design for the transport system. The initial design for this system was then published in a white paper that was posted to Tesla and SpaceX blogs. Musk's proposal, if technically feasible at the cost he has mentioned, would make Hyperloop travel cheaper than any other mode of transportation for such a long distance. The alpha design is proposed to use a partial vacuum to reduce aerodynamic drag, which is theorized to allow for high-speed trips with relatively low power, with certain other features such as water-bearing skiing and inlet compressors to reduce freestream flow. The alpha design document estimates the total cost of the LA-to-SF Hyperloop system at US $ 6 billion , but this number is speculative.
In June 2015, Musk announced a design competition for students and others to build Hyperloop pods to operate on SpaceX-sponsored long-mile tracks in the Hyperloop pod competition 2015-2017. This track was used in January 2017, and Musk also started building tunnels.
Hyperloop One, a company not affiliated with Musk, has announced that it has conducted its first successful test on the DevLoop track in Nevada on July 13, 2017. It happened on May 12, 2017 at 12:02 am and has been taking place 5.3 second, reaching a top speed of 70 mph.
On July 20, 2017, Elon Musk announced that he got "oral government approval" to build a hyperloop from New York City to Washington D.C, stopping in Philadelphia and Baltimore. However, the New York City Transit Authority, the Southeastern Transport Authority of Washington, the Transit Authority of the Washington Metropolitan Area, the Maryland Transit Administration, the US Department of Homeland Security, and the mayors of New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington DC declare that they are unaware of such agreements.
OpenAI
In December 2015, Musk announced the establishment of OpenAI, an artificial intelligence research firm that did not seek profit. OpenAA aims to develop common artificial intelligence in a safe and beneficial manner for humanity.
By making AI available to everyone, OpenAI wants to "eliminate large companies that may gain too much power by having a profit-driven super-intelligence system, and governments that may use AI to gain power and even oppress their citizens." Musk said he wanted to counteract the concentration of power. In 2018 Musk left the OpenAI board to avoid "potential future conflict" with his role as CEO of Tesla as Tesla is increasingly involved in AI.
Neuralink
In 2016, Musk founded Neuralink, the startup company of neurotechnology to integrate the human brain with artificial intelligence. The company is centered on making devices that can be embedded in the human brain, with the ultimate goal of helping people join the software and follow the progress in artificial intelligence. This increase can increase memory or allow more direct interface with computing devices. Musk sees Neuralink and OpenAI related: "OpenAI is a non-profit organization dedicated to minimizing the dangers of artificial intelligence, while Neuralink is working on ways to embed technology into our brains to create a mind-computer interface."
Boring Company
On December 17, 2016, when stuck in traffic, Musk tweeted "I'll build a tunnel boring machine and start digging..." The company was named 'The Boring Company'. On January 21, 2017, Musk tweeted "Interesting progress on the front of the tunnel. Plan to start digging in a month or so." The first tunnel will start on the SpaceX campus, and will probably go to the nearest parking garage. Since January 26, 2017, discussions with regulatory bodies have begun, but no request for permission to dig in the Los Angeles area has been submitted to the California Department of Transportation by the end of January 2017.
In February 2017, the company began to dig a 30 foot, 50 foot, and 15 foot test trench "in SpaceX office space in Los Angeles, because its construction does not require a permit." Musk says that a 10-fold decrease in the boring cost of tunnels per mile is needed to economic feasibility of the proposed tunnel network.
Thud
In 2018, Elon Musk announces new comedy media business, Thud, on his Twitter page. Musk has been the subject of headlines by the Onion News satirical website after the entrepreneur hired the former staff of Onion . In 2014, Musk expressed interest in purchasing The Onion before the acquisition of Publishing by Univision Publisher.
pravduh.com
On May 25, 2018, Musk bought the pravduh.com site by saying, "Problem solved, can buy http://Pravduh.com! Game on." He explains that he's "Going to create a site where the public can assess the core truth of each article & track the credibility score over time every journalist, editor & publication."
Political view
Politically, Musk describes himself as "half Democrat, half Republican." In his own words: "I am somewhere in the middle, liberally social and conservative fiscal." Prompted by the emergence of self-driving cars and artificial intelligence, Musk has voiced support for universal basic income. He describes himself as a socialist, but "not the kind that diverts resources from the most productive to the least productive, pretends to do good, while actually causing danger" - arguing otherwise, "true socialism seeks the greatest good for all. "
Musk describes himself as "nauseatingly pro-American". According to Musk, the United States is "[arguably] the largest country ever to exist on Earth," describing it as "the greatest strength for the good of the nation ever." Musk believes that "there will be no democracy in the world if not for the United States," arguing there are "three separate occasions in the 20th century where democracy will fall with World War I, World War II and Cold War." , if not for the United States. "Musk also stated that he thought" it is a mistake to say the United States is perfect, of course not. There's a lot of stupid things the United States has done and the bad things the United States has done. "
Before Donald Trump's election as President of the United States, Musk criticized Trump's candidate by saying: "I feel a little stronger that he may not be the right person He does not seem to have a well-reflected character in the United States." After the inauguration of Donald Trump, Musk declared Trump's approval of Rex Tillerson's choice as Secretary of State and accepted an invitation to appear in a panel advising President Trump. Regarding his cooperation with Trump, Musk later commented: "The more sounds the President's reasons for, the better.". He then resigned from both in June 2017, in protest at Trump's decision to withdraw the United States from the Paris Treaty on Climate Change.
Lobby
In an interview with The Washington Post , Musk stated he was a "significant (though not top-level) donor to the Democrats," but he also gave many to the Republican Party. Musk further states, "that in order for your voice to be heard in Washington, you must make a small contribution."
A recent report from the Sunlight Foundation (a nonpartisan group that tracks government spending), found that "SpaceX has spent more than $ 4 million to lobby Congress since its inception in 2002 and share more than US $ 800,000 in political contributions "to Democrats and Republicans. The same report notes that "The SpaceX campaign to win political support has been systematic and sophisticated," and that "unlike most technology startups, SpaceX has maintained a significant lobbying presence in Washington almost since the day 1." Report it further notes that "Musk himself has contributed approximately US $ 725,000 to various campaigns since 2002. In 2004, he donated US $ 2,000 to the re-election campaign President George W. Bush, maxed out (more than US $ 100,000 ) to Barack Obama's reelection campaign and donated US $ 5,000 to Republican Senator Marco Rubio, who represents Florida, countries that are critical of the space industry.) Everything is said, Musk and SpaceX provide approximately US $ 250,000 in the 2012 election cycle. "In addition, SpaceX hired former Senate Majority of Trent Republican Leaders Lott to represent the company, through the Washington-based lobby group, Patton Boggs LLP. Along with Patton Boggs LLP, SpaceX uses several other outdoor lobbying companies, which work with SpaceX lobbyists themselves.
Musk has been a supporter of the FWD.us United States political action committee (PAC), started by renowned business associate Mark Zuckerberg and immigration reform advocates. However, in May 2013, Musk publicly withdrew its support in protest against PAC-run ads supporting causes such as Keystone Pipeline. Musk and other members, including David O. Sacks, were pulled out, criticizing the strategy as "cynical." Musk further stated, "we should not give up on politics, if we give in to it, we will get the political system we deserve."
In December 2013, Sean Becker of the media/political site Mic called Musk a "complete hypocrite," stating that "[for] the 2014 election cycle, Musk has contributed to Longhorn PAC and the National Republican Congressional Committee - both of which have funded anti- science, anti-environmental candidates such as Rep. Michelle Bachman (R-Minn.). "Musk directly contributes to Republican Senator Marco Rubio, who is accused of holding the same position on climate change.
Subsidents
Musk has stated that he does not believe the US government should provide subsidies to companies but instead should use a carbon tax for prices in the negative externalities of air pollution and prevent "bad behavior." Musk argues that the free market will achieve "the best solution," and that producing vehicles that are not environmentally friendly should come with its own consequences.
Musk's statement has been heavily criticized, with Stanford University Professor Fred Turner noting that "if you're an entrepreneur like Elon Musk, you'll take money where you can get it, but at the same time believe it's a matter of belief that it's entrepreneurship and technology that is the source social change, not state, not just self-delusion, but there is a habit of thinking about oneself as independent agents who stand free, and not recognizing subsidies that a person receives.This goes on in Silicon Valley. "Author Michael Shellenberger argues that" Musk, it's hard not to read it as a kind of defense.And I think there's a business reason for that.They are dealing with many investors for whom subsidies are not the basis for a viable long-term business, and they often want to exaggerate the pace by which they will be able to become self-reliant. "Shellenberger continued," we're pseudo a would be better if these entrepreneurs are a little more grateful, a little more humble. " While journalist and writer Jim Motavalli, who interviewed Musk for High Voltage, his 2011 book on the electric vehicle industry, speculated that "Elon now sees it from the point of view of a winner, and he does not want to see others win because they get government money - I think there is a tendency people, once they succeed, want to pull the ladder after them. "
By 2015, Musk's statements are subject to further scrutiny when the LA Times article claims that SpaceX, Tesla, SolarCity, and buyers of their products have been or are projected to receive alongside an estimated US $ 4.9 billion in government subsidies for twenty years. One example is the state of New York, which spends $ 750 million on building a solar panel plant in Buffalo that will be leased to SolarCity for $ 1 a year. The deal also includes no property tax for a decade, an estimated $ 260 million valuation. Musk hired a former US State Department official as chief negotiator for Tesla.
Opinion
Fate and religion
When asked if he believed "there is some kind of destiny involved" in the human transition to a multi-planet species, rather than "only physics," Musk replied:
Well, I do. Do I think there is a kind of master intelligence that makes up all these things? I thought maybe it was not because you had to say: "Where did your intelligence come from?" So that's kind of begging the question. So I think you can really explain this with the basic laws of physics. You know it's a complex phenomenon of simple elements.
Musk has stated that he does not pray, or worship any creature, despite previously claiming to pray before the important launch of Falcon 1, asking "whatever entity is listening" to "bless [launch]." When asked if he believed "religion and science can coexist," Musk replied "probably not."
Space life
Although Musk believes "there is a good chance that there is a simple life on another planet," he "questions whether there is any other intelligent life in the known universe." Musk then clarified "his hope that there is another intelligent life in the known universe," and stated that "may be more likely than not, but it's a complete guess."
Musk also considers the simulation hypothesis as a potential solution to the Fermi paradox:
The absence of real life may be an argument in favor of us in simulations.... Like when you are playing adventure games, and you can see stars in the background, but you can never get there.. If that's not a simulation, then maybe we're in a lab and there's a advanced alien civilization that just observes how we thrive, out of curiosity, like mushrooms in a petri dish.... If you look at our current technological level, something weird has to happen civilization, and I mean weird in a bad way.... And there could be so many civilizations of a dead planet.
Artificial Intelligence
Musk often spoke of the potential danger of artificial intelligence, stating it was "the most serious threat to humanity's survival." During the 2014 interview at MIT AeroAstro Centennial Symposium, Musk described AI as "the greatest threat of mankind", "further stating," I am increasingly inclined to think that there should be regulatory oversight, perhaps at national and international levels. , just to make sure we do not do something really stupid. "Musk describes the creation of artificial intelligence as" calling out demons ".
Nevertheless, Musk has previously invested in DeepMind, the AI ​​firm, and Vicarious, a company that works to improve machine intelligence. In January 2015, he donated $ 10 million to the Future of Life Institute, an organization focused on the challenges posed by advanced technology. He is the vice chairman of OpenAI, a non-profit intelligence research company.
Musk says that his investment is, "not from a standpoint that really tries to generate an investment profit... I just want to keep an eye on what's happening with artificial intelligence." Musk continued, "There's a movie about this, you know, like Terminator - there are some scary results, and we should try to make sure the results are good, not bad."
In June 2016, Musk was asked whether he thought humans lived in computer simulations, to which he replied:
The strongest argument for us may be in the simulation in my opinion is as follows: 40 years ago we had Pong - two rectangles and one point. That's where we are. Now 40 years later we have a photorealistic 3D simulation with millions of people playing simultaneously and getting better every year. And soon we will have virtual reality, we will add reality. If you assume any level of improvement, then the game will become indistinguishable from reality, only distinguishable.
Elon Musk's dark warning of Artificial Intelligence has given him some controversy. He and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg have clashed with his last so-called "irresponsible" warning. Musk responded to Mark's criticism by saying that he had discussed AI with Zuckerberg and found he had only a "limited understanding" of the subject. By 2014 Slate's Adam Elkus believes "our 'smartest' AI is as smart as toddlers - and only when it comes to instrumental tasks like remembering information.Most robotics still try to get a robotic hand to take the ball or run around without falling. "Elkus goes on to state that Muscle's" muskle-summoning "analogy may be dangerous because it can lead to" hard cuts "to AI's research budget.
The Foundation for Information and Innovation Technology (ITIF), a think-tank of Washington D.C., bestowed the Luddite Annual Award to "observers who touting an artificial intelligence doom"; His president, Robert D. Atkinson, complained that Musk and others say that AI is the greatest existential threat to mankind. Atkinson stated "It's not a very favorable message if you want to get AI funding from Congress to the National Science Foundation." Nature strongly disagrees with the ITIF in an April 2016 editorial, siding with Musk, and concludes: "It is imperative that advances in technology tailored to solid, well-funded research to anticipate such a scenario can bring... If it is Luddite's perspective, then be it. "In a Washington Post editorial, researcher Murray Shanahan stated that human-level AI is unlikely to arrive" in the near future ", but still" the time to start thinking about the consequences is now. "
Public transport
At the Tesla event on the sidelines of the Conference of Nerve Information Processing Systems in December 2017, Musk stated that:
I think public transportation is painful. It sucks. Why would you want to get something with a lot of other people, who do not leave where you want to leave it, not start where you want to start it, does it end up where you want it to end? And it does not run all the time. [...] It hurts in the butt. That's why everyone does not like it. And there are many strangers, one of whom may be a serial killer, okay, great.
After that, he rejected an audience member's response that public transport functioned effectively in Japan.
His comments sparked widespread criticism from both public and transit experts. City planning expert Brent Toderian initiated the #GreatThingsThatHappenedonTransit hashtag that was widely adopted by Twitter users to dispel Muscle's assertion that everyone hates public transport. Yonah Freemark, an urbanist and journalist specializing in planning and transportation, summarizes Musk's view of public transportation as "This is horrible. You may be killed." Japanese trains are terrible Individual transportation for everyone! Congestion Demand induced Climate change impact ? The roads are impassable? Who cares! "
Jarrett Walker, a renowned public transport expert and consultant from Portland, said that "Mus's hatred for sharing space with strangers is a luxury (or pathology) that only wealthy people can afford," referring to the theory that plans a city around minority preferences produce results that usually do not apply to the majority. Musk replied with "You're an idiot," then says "Sorry [...] Intended to say 'holy idiots.'" The exchange received a large amount of media attention and encouraged Nobel Prize winner Paul Krugman to comment on the controversy, saying that apparently, "You idiot "is Musk's idea of ​​a convincing argument.
Personal life
Musk has a McLaren F1 supercar, which crashed when uninsured. He also previously owned Aero L-39, a Czech-made jet trainer.
The 1994 Dassault Falcon 900 model aircraft used in the 2005 Thank You for Smoking film has been registered to Musk (N900SX), and Musk has a cameo as its pilot, opening the door for Robert Duvall and escorting Aaron Eckhart up. Musk has Wet Nellie, Lotus Esprit from James Bond movie The Spy Who Loved Me . He plans to turn it into a functional submarine of the film.
Musk attended the Burning Man festival in 2004 and said he first thought of the idea for SolarCity at the festival.
Tosca Musk, Elon's sister, is a filmmaker. He is the founder of Musk Entertainment and has produced various films.
Musk stated that he wanted to "die on Mars, not be affected."
Philanthropy
Musk is chairman of the Musk Foundation, which focuses his philanthropic efforts in providing solar energy systems in disaster areas. In 2010, the Musk Foundation collaborated with SolarCity to donate the 25-kW solar power system to the South Bay Community Alliance storm response center in Coden, Alabama. In July 2011, the Musk Foundation donated US $ 250,000 to a solar power plant project in S? Ma, Japan, a city that was recently destroyed by the tsunami.
In July 2014, Musk was requested by cartoonists Matthew Inman and William Terbo, Nikola Tesla's niece, to donate US $ 8 million to the construction of the Tesla Science Center at Wardenclyffe. In the end, Musk agreed to donate US $ 1 million to the project and the additionally promised to build a Tesla Supercharger in the museum's car park.
Musk donated $ 10 million to the Future of Life Institute in January 2015, to run a global research program aimed at keeping man-made artificial intelligence for humanity.
In 2015, Musk is the guardian of the X Prize Foundation and the signing of The Giving Pledge.
Family
Musk met his first wife, Canadian writer Justine Wilson, while both were students at Queen Ontario University. They married in 2000 and split up in 2008. Their first son, Nevada Alexander Musk, died of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) at the age of 10 weeks. They then had five sons through in-vitro fertilization - twins in 2004, followed by triplets in 2006. They shared custody of the five boys.
In 2008, Musk began dating British actress Talulah Riley, and in 2010, the couple married. In January 2012, Musk announced that he had ended his four-year association with Riley, tweeted to Riley, "It was a fabulous four years I will love you forever.You will make someone very happy someday." In July 2013, Musk and Riley remarried. In December 2014, Musk filed a second divorce from Riley; However, the action was withdrawn. The media announced in March 2016 that the divorce process resumed, this time with Riley filing for divorce from Musk. The divorce was completed by the end of 2016.
Musk began dating American actress Amber Heard in 2016 but the two split up after a year due to their conflicting schedules. On May 7, 2018, Musk and Canadian musician Grimes revealed that they had started dating.
Use of Zolpidem
In Iron Man 2 (2010), Musk meets Tony Stark (Robert Downey Jr.) at a restaurant, and has a few short lines on "ideas for electric jets."
In January 2015, Musk made his own guest play at The Simpsons in an episode entitled "The Musk Who Fell to Earth"; this episode mocks a lot of musk ideas.
In November 2015, Musk appeared on the episode The Big Bang Theory , playing alone, volunteering in the common kitchen with Howard.
Musk is featured in the 2015 Rally Extinction environmental documentary, where the custom Model Tesla S is designed to help project images of endangered species into public buildings, including the Empire State Building and the Vatican.
In 2016, Musk appeared as himself in the romantic comedy movie Why Him? Where he met one of the main characters, Ned Flemming, played by Bryan Cranston, at a bar at a party.
Also in 2016, Musk was referred by Dr. Martin Stein on TV show time travel CW DC's Legends of Tomorrow . Over the course of time into the past, Stein meets his younger self and introduces himself as Elon Musk, to disguise his own identity.
In October 2017, the premature Musk was immortalized as the historic pioneer in the All Star Star Trek CBS series: Discovery . Set in 2256, Captain Gabriel Lorca tries to motivate a scientist on his ship by asking him, "How would you like to be remembered in history?" Along with the Wright Brothers, Elon Musk, Zefram Cochrane or as a mushroom expert fails. the survival of his own ego before the lives of others? "According to an article in techcrunch.com published the day after the episode aired, the mention is" also interesting because of the famous disappearance of Amazon and the founder of Blue Origin, Jeff Bezos: Star Trek that he pitched and managed to land a cameo in Star Trek Beyond as an alien, but he did not judge the mention of Lorca among the space pantheons. "
Musk was significantly referred to numerous times in the Hat Film 2017 album, Neon Musk .
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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